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Nanomaterials
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Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Ultrafast Photonics
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Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Ultrafast Photonics

A special issue of Nanomaterials (ISSN 2079-4991). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Materials and Metal-Organic Frameworks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2024) | Viewed by 6242

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Bo Fu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
Interests: laser photonics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Vittorio Scardaci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
Interests: plasmonic; metamaterials; sensing; photonics; optoelectronics; nonlinear optical properties; nanomedicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metal-based nanomaterials have promising applications in ultrafast photonics due to their broadband operation, large third-order nonlinearity, and ultrafast recovery time. Metal-based nanomaterials, mainly divided into metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, are also gradually being considered for ultrafast photonics applications due to their outstanding optical properties. The optical properties of metal nanoparticles can be enhanced by the interaction between conduction electrons with electric fields that is called surface plasmon resonance. As for metal oxide nanoparticles, optical properties are closely related to bandgap structures. When it comes to transition metal oxides, other phenomena also play important roles in optical absorption such as spin inversion and excitons of iron. Moreover, the preparation methods of materials are also crucial for their properties and further applications. This Special Issue aims at presenting an informative and inspiring collection of articles on fabrications, optical properties, ultrafast photonics and applications of metal-based nanomaterials. Research reports and reviews are both welcomed. Researchers are invited to submit their contributions to this Special Issue.

Dr. Bo Fu
Dr. Vittorio Scardaci
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nanomaterials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metal-based nanomaterials
  • metal oxide nanoparticles
  • fabrications, optical properties
  • ultrafast photonics
  • nonlinear optics
  • nanophotonics
  • laser photonics
  • ultrafast optics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3186 KiB  
Article
Mixing Rules for Left-Handed Disordered Metamaterials: Effective-Medium and Dispersion Properties
by Ana Bărar, Stephen A. Maclean, Barry M. Gross, Doina Mănăilă-Maximean and Octavian Dănilă
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(12), 1056; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14121056 - 19 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 926
Abstract
Left-handed materials are known to exhibit exotic properties in controlling electromagnetic fields, with direct applications in negative reflection and refraction, conformal optical mapping, and electromagnetic cloaking. While typical left-handed materials are constructed periodic metal-dielectric structures, the same effect can be obtained in composite [...] Read more.
Left-handed materials are known to exhibit exotic properties in controlling electromagnetic fields, with direct applications in negative reflection and refraction, conformal optical mapping, and electromagnetic cloaking. While typical left-handed materials are constructed periodic metal-dielectric structures, the same effect can be obtained in composite guest–host systems with no periodicity or structural order. Such systems are typically described by the effective-medium approach, in which the components of the electric permittivity tensor are determined as a function of individual material properties and doping concentration. In this paper, we extend the discussion on the mixing rules to include left-handed composite systems and highlight the exotic properties arising from the effective-medium approach in this framework in terms of effective values and dispersion properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Ultrafast Photonics)
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11 pages, 4040 KiB  
Article
Ag/MXene as Saturable Absorber for Tm:Ho Co-Doped Q-Switched Fiber Laser
by Xiaoli Zhao, Jingxuan Sun, Yachen Wang, Xiaogang Wang and Bo Fu
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(11), 951; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14110951 - 29 May 2024
Viewed by 832
Abstract
Q-switched fiber lasers have become reliable light sources for generating high-energy pulses, which can be passively modulated by saturable absorbers with excellent nonlinear optical properties. The composite combining Ag and MXene exhibits a broadband nonlinear response and high modulation depth, making it a [...] Read more.
Q-switched fiber lasers have become reliable light sources for generating high-energy pulses, which can be passively modulated by saturable absorbers with excellent nonlinear optical properties. The composite combining Ag and MXene exhibits a broadband nonlinear response and high modulation depth, making it a promising candidate for saturable absorbers in pulsed lasers. Herein, we demonstrate a Q-switched Tm:Ho co-doped fiber laser centered at 2 µm, where the Ag/MXene composite serves as a saturable absorber to generate pulses. The typical spectrum, pulse train, and radio frequency spectrum of Q-switched pulses were observed, in which the 60 dB signal-to-noise ratio was higher than that of 2 µm Q-switched fiber lasers based on other materials, demonstrating the stability of the output pulses. Additionally, the long-term stability of the laser was evaluated over 2 h, where the well-maintained central wavelength and output power also indicated the robustness of the Q-switched laser. Furthermore, the influence of the pump power on the parameters of Q-switched pulses was also investigated, which is conducive to control the output characteristics of lasers. Specifically, the pulse width of the Q-switched pulse decreased, while the repetition rate, output power, and single pulse energy all increased with the increase in pump power. These experimental results demonstrate the ability of Ag/MXene as a saturable absorber and show its potential for generating high-performance pulses in ultrafast lasers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Ultrafast Photonics)
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13 pages, 8859 KiB  
Communication
The Spin–Orbit Effect on the Electronic Structures, Refractive Indices, and Birefringence of X2PO4I (X = Pb, Sn, Ba and Sr): A First-Principles Investigation
by Xudong Leng, Mei Hu, Qun Jing, Haiming Duan, Henglei Chen and Xiuhua Cui
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(7), 617; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14070617 - 1 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 876
Abstract
Introducing post-transition metal cations is an excellent strategy for enhancing optical properties. This paper focuses on four isomers, namely the X2PO4I (X = Pb, Sn, Ba, and Sr) series. For the first time, the paper’s attention is paid to [...] Read more.
Introducing post-transition metal cations is an excellent strategy for enhancing optical properties. This paper focuses on four isomers, namely the X2PO4I (X = Pb, Sn, Ba, and Sr) series. For the first time, the paper’s attention is paid to the changes in electronic structure, as well as refractive indices and birefringence, with and without the inclusion of spin–orbit effects in this series. The first-principles results show that spin–orbit effects of the 5p and 6p states found in these compounds lead to splitting of the bands, narrowing of the band gap, enhancement of the lone-pair stereochemistry, and enhancement of the refractive indices and birefringence. Moreover, a comparison of the lone-pair electron phosphates, X2PO4I (X = Pb and Sn), and the isomeric alkaline earth metal phosphates, X2PO4I (X = Ba and Sr), reveals that changes in the band structure have a greater effect on the enhancement of the birefringence than the slight enhancement of the lone-pair stereochemical activity. This study has important implications for a deeper understanding of the optical properties of crystals and the design of novel optical materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Ultrafast Photonics)
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16 pages, 1054 KiB  
Article
Nanoscatterer-Assisted Fluorescence Amplification Technique
by Sylvain Bonnefond, Antoine Reynaud, Julie Cazareth, Sophie Abélanet, Massimo Vassalli, Frédéric Brau and Gian Luca Lippi
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(21), 2875; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13212875 - 30 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1492
Abstract
Weak fluorescence signals, which are important in research and applications, are often masked by the background. Different amplification techniques are actively investigated. Here, a broadband, geometry-independent and flexible feedback scheme based on the random scattering of dielectric nanoparticles allows the amplification of a [...] Read more.
Weak fluorescence signals, which are important in research and applications, are often masked by the background. Different amplification techniques are actively investigated. Here, a broadband, geometry-independent and flexible feedback scheme based on the random scattering of dielectric nanoparticles allows the amplification of a fluorescence signal by partial trapping of the radiation within the sample volume. Amplification of up to a factor of 40 is experimentally demonstrated in ultrapure water with dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles (30 to 50 nm in diameter) and fluorescein dye at 200 μmol concentration (pumped with 5 ns long, 3 mJ laser pulses at 490 nm). The measurements show a measurable reduction in linewidth at the emission peak, indicating that feedback-induced stimulated emission contributes to the large gain observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Ultrafast Photonics)
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Review

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38 pages, 5421 KiB  
Review
Nanocomposite Photoanisotropic Materials for Applications in Polarization Holography and Photonics
by Dimana Nazarova, Lian Nedelchev, Nataliya Berberova-Buhova and Georgi Mateev
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(22), 2946; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13222946 - 14 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1556
Abstract
Photoanisotropic materials, in particular azodyes and azopolymers, have attracted significant research interest in the last decades. This is due to their applications in polarization holography and 4G optics, enabling polarization-selective diffractive optical elements with unique properties, including circular polarization beam-splitters, polarization-selective bifocal lenses, [...] Read more.
Photoanisotropic materials, in particular azodyes and azopolymers, have attracted significant research interest in the last decades. This is due to their applications in polarization holography and 4G optics, enabling polarization-selective diffractive optical elements with unique properties, including circular polarization beam-splitters, polarization-selective bifocal lenses, and many others. Numerous methods have been applied to increase the photoinduced birefringence of these materials, and as a result, to obtain polarization holographic elements with a high diffraction efficiency. Recently, a new approach has emerged that has been extensively studied by many research groups, namely doping azobenzene-containing materials with nanoparticles with various compositions, sizes, and morphologies. The resulting nanocomposites have shown significant enhancement in their photoanisotropic response, including increased photoinduced birefringence, leading to a higher diffraction efficiency and a larger surface relief modulation in the case of polarization holographic recordings. This review aims to cover the most important achievements in this new but fast-growing field of research and to present an extensive comparative analysis of the result, reported by many research groups during the last two decades. Different hypotheses to explain the mechanism of photoanisotropy enhancement in these nanocomposites are also discussed. Finally, we present our vision for the future development of this scientific field and outline its potential applications in advanced photonics technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metal-Based Nanomaterials: Fabrications, Optical Properties, and Ultrafast Photonics)
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