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All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability
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All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Physiology and Crop Production".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 4637

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Laura de Palma

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Guest Editor
Department of Science of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, I-7122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: agri-technical innovations; leaf gas exchange and plant water status; canopy microclimate and fruit quality; protected cultivation of table grapes; precision agriculture applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Vittorino Novello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Siences, University of Turin, I-10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
Interests: viticulture; plant ecophysiology; cultural practices and sustainability; grape quality; table grape growing; growing grapes under covering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Viticulture is a major agricultural sector in the economy of many countries in both hemispheres, providing numerous food products through the cultivation of both wine grape and table grape vines. Improving the quality, healthiness, and sustainability of grape production is a priority for researchers and growers. Agri-environmental conditions, i.e., edaphic and climatic factors, genotypes, and cultivation techniques, significantly influence grape yield and quality. Given the current climate crisis, viticulturists are working to develop solutions and innovations that can adapt vineyard management to the changed environment and enable vines to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses, while also safeguarding the grape yield and quality levels.

In this Special Issue of Plants, you are invited to share results from your research on wine grape and table grape production, including aspects related to the sustainability of the value chain, and to highlight original approaches to enhancing vine growing, grape quality, and their healthiness under the agri-environmental conditions of different world regions.

Prof. Laura de Palma
Prof. Vittorino Novello
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • grapevine
  • wine grape
  • table grape
  • environmental conditions
  • cultural practices
  • vine ecophysiology
  • biotic and abiotic stress
  • adaptation to climate crisis
  • sustainability
  • grape quality
  • grape healthiness

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 5177 KiB  
Article
Impacts of Climate Change-Induced Temperature Rise on Phenology, Physiology, and Yield in Three Red Grape Cultivars: Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah
by Deolindo L. E. Dominguez, Miguel A. Cirrincione, Leonor Deis and Liliana E. Martínez
Plants 2024, 13(22), 3219; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13223219 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 366
Abstract
Climate change has significant implications for agriculture, especially in viticulture, where temperature plays a crucial role in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) growth. Mendoza’s climate is ideal for producing high-quality wines, but 21st-century climate change is expected to have negative impacts. This study [...] Read more.
Climate change has significant implications for agriculture, especially in viticulture, where temperature plays a crucial role in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) growth. Mendoza’s climate is ideal for producing high-quality wines, but 21st-century climate change is expected to have negative impacts. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increased temperature on the phenology, physiology, and yield of Malbec, Bonarda, and Syrah. A field trial was conducted over two seasons (2019–2020 and 2020–2021) in an experimental vineyard with an active canopy heating system (+2–4 °C). Phenological stages (budburst, flowering, fruit set, veraison, harvest), shoot growth (SG), number of shoots (NS), stomatal conductance (gs), chlorophyll content (CC), chlorophyll fluorescence (CF), and water potential (ψa) were measured. Additionally, temperature, relative humidity, light intensity, and canopy temperature were recorded. Heat treatment advanced all phenological stages by approximately two weeks, increased SG and NS, and reduced gs and ψa during the hottest months. CC and CF remained unaffected. The treatment also resulted in lower yields, reduced acidity, and increased °Brix in both seasons. Overall, rising temperatures due to climate change advance the phenological phases of Malbec, Syrah, and Bonarda, leading to lower yields, higher °Brix, and lower acidity, although physiological variables remained largely unchanged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability)
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24 pages, 7334 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Temperature and UV Manipulation on Anthocyanins, Flavonols, and Hydroxycinnamoyl-Tartrates in cv Nebbiolo Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)
by Alena Wilson, Alessandra Ferrandino, Simone Giacosa, Vittorino Novello and Silvia Guidoni
Plants 2024, 13(22), 3158; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13223158 - 10 Nov 2024
Viewed by 423
Abstract
This research aimed to identify the effects of increased temperature and decreased ultraviolet (UV) exposure on berry characteristics and quality parameters of cv Nebbiolo, identifying the potential risks associated with climate change for the quality of grapes and the identity of Barolo wine. [...] Read more.
This research aimed to identify the effects of increased temperature and decreased ultraviolet (UV) exposure on berry characteristics and quality parameters of cv Nebbiolo, identifying the potential risks associated with climate change for the quality of grapes and the identity of Barolo wine. This two-year research (2022 and 2023) was performed in three vineyards, located at different elevations in La Morra (Piedmont, northwestern Italy), monitored from the beginning of veraison to harvest. A split-plot design was set up, applying a passive greenhouse amplifying temperature in the bunch zone (‘T’ = increased temperature; ‘C’ = control temperature) and UV-blocking plastics over individual bunches (‘1’ = full UV exposure; ‘0’ = UV-blocked). Berry weight, skin weight, and juice total soluble solids were measured. Grape skin anthocyanins, flavonols, and hydroxycinnamic acid tartaric esters were analyzed by HPLC-DAD. Both treatments negatively influenced the berry weight but not the skin weight; the increased T had a negative impact on the sugar per berry content. Limited UV and increased temperature negatively impacted total anthocyanins at harvest and on di-hydroxylated anthocyanins. Limited UV-depressed flavonol concentration and high temperature decreased their synthesis. Increased UV promoted cis-p-coumaroyl tartaric acid and decreased trans-p-coumaroyl tartaric acid. The results of this research are valuable for improving the quality production of Nebbiolo through understanding the impacts of increased temperature and alterations to UV exposure expected by climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability)
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13 pages, 2048 KiB  
Article
Association of SO2-Generating Pads before Packaging and during Cold Storage to Extend the Conservation of ‘Italia’ Table Grapes
by Maíra T. Higuchi, Aline C. de Aguiar, Nathalia R. Leles, Viviani V. Marques, Leandro S. A. Gonçalves, Fábio Yamashita, Khamis Youssef and Sergio R. Roberto
Plants 2024, 13(19), 2827; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13192827 - 9 Oct 2024
Viewed by 676
Abstract
The SO2-generating pads contain different concentrations of sodium metabisulfite, which absorbs water from the grapes’ transpiration, releasing SO2 gas, and there are slow-(SlowSO2) and dual (DualSO2)-releasing pads (fast release in the first 48 h and slow [...] Read more.
The SO2-generating pads contain different concentrations of sodium metabisulfite, which absorbs water from the grapes’ transpiration, releasing SO2 gas, and there are slow-(SlowSO2) and dual (DualSO2)-releasing pads (fast release in the first 48 h and slow for up to 60 days). The ultra-fast SO2-generating pad (FieldSO2) releases the SO2 quickly for up to 6 h, and it was designed to be used soon after the harvest and until the grapes’ packaging. The goal was to study the effect of FieldSO2 associated with SlowSO2 and DualSO2 pads on gray mold incidence and physicochemical and appearance characteristics of ‘Italia’ table grapes. Grapes were harvested from a commercial vineyard in Parana, Brazil, in 2020 and 2021, and packaged in cardboard boxes, and the treatments were as follows: control (without SO2-generating pads); FieldSO2 + SlowSO2; and FieldSO2 + DualSO2. After 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 days of cold storage (1 ± 1 °C), the grapes were assessed for gray mold incidence, mass loss, shattered berries, stem browning, and filamentous fungi on the surface. The use of FieldSO2 associated with SO2-generating pads is effective in controlling gray mold on ‘Italia’ table grapes, especially the treatment FieldSO2 + DualSO2, which provides the lowest incidence of the disease up to 90 days of cold storage, while the combination with SlowSO2 results in intermediate efficacy. Treatments combining these SO2-generating pads extend the postharvest shelf life of ‘Italia’ grapes, with few shattered berries, low mass loss and freshness of the rachis without impairing the bunch’s appearance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability)
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12 pages, 2892 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Red Table Grape Coloration Using Tsikoudia: A Novel and Sustainable Approach
by Emmanouil Kontaxakis, Dimitrios Lydakis and Ioannis Fisarakis
Plants 2024, 13(19), 2689; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13192689 - 25 Sep 2024
Viewed by 560
Abstract
Achieving optimal coloration in red table grapes, especially in warm-climate regions, presents significant challenges due to high temperatures that inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis. Conventional methods to enhance grape coloration, including the use of abscisic acid (ABA), ethephon, foliar nutrient supplementation, and viticultural practices like [...] Read more.
Achieving optimal coloration in red table grapes, especially in warm-climate regions, presents significant challenges due to high temperatures that inhibit anthocyanin biosynthesis. Conventional methods to enhance grape coloration, including the use of abscisic acid (ABA), ethephon, foliar nutrient supplementation, and viticultural practices like cluster trimming and girdling, have limitations related to cost, regulatory restrictions, and potential adverse effects on grapes quality. This study proposes the application of tsikoudia, a traditional Greek alcoholic beverage, as a novel, sustainable, and cost-effective alternative to conventional practices. Tsikoudia, applied during the veraison stage, significantly improved the coloration of ‘Crimson Seedless’ and ‘Red Globe’ grapes by enhancing anthocyanin accumulation and altering color parameters. Specifically, lightness (L*), chroma (C*), and hue angle (h), measured using the CIE-Lab color system, were reduced, while the Color Index for Red Grapes (CIRG) was increased. Additionally, total anthocyanin content, determined through spectrophotometric analysis, also showed an increase. These changes indicate a more intense red coloration. This research highlights the effectiveness of tsikoudia in improving grape coloration and contributes to the development of more sustainable viticultural practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability)
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13 pages, 1718 KiB  
Article
The Variability of Berry Parameters Could Be an Indicator of the Potential Quality of the Vineyard
by Zlavek Travanic-Fuentes, Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa and Yerko Moreno-Simunovic
Plants 2024, 13(18), 2617; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182617 - 19 Sep 2024
Viewed by 544
Abstract
Background: Berry quality potential from a single vineyard is mainly defined based on some physicochemical parameters and subjective assessments. In this way, berry maturity variability would be a key factor affecting berry quality. Methods: This trial aimed to study the effects of the [...] Read more.
Background: Berry quality potential from a single vineyard is mainly defined based on some physicochemical parameters and subjective assessments. In this way, berry maturity variability would be a key factor affecting berry quality. Methods: This trial aimed to study the effects of the maturity variability of berries harvested from plots of low (~37,080 kg ha−1), middle (~12,545 kg ha−1), and high (~1476 kg ha−1) quality potential on berry and wine physicochemical parameters of Cabernet Sauvignon in two consecutive seasons. The quality potential of the plots was defined by the winemakers considering mostly yield per hectare and the final price of their wines. Results: The berry heterogeneous maturity of soluble solids and berry weight in Cabernet Sauvignon was confirmed. The coefficient of variability (CV) of berry weight of high-quality plots was high at véraison and decreased as ripening progressed, reaching CV of 19.9% at harvest. Low-quality plots showed the lowest CV of berry weight in all the studied dates, whereas high-quality plots presented the lowest CV in soluble solids content of berries, reaching a 5.1% of variability at harvest. The physicochemical parameters showed that high-quality plots were characterized by high levels of soluble solids and phenolic maturity parameters, whereas samples from low-quality plots reached high berry weight and malic acid content. Berry differences among the physicochemical parameters determined wine quality, which allowed for plots to be classified by their potential quality at harvest. Conclusions: Studying maturity variability of soluble solids and berry weight will allow for sampling to be sectorized within a vineyard to reduce the extremes of maturity that would affect wine quality and productive goals of winemakers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability)
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21 pages, 11139 KiB  
Article
The Transcriptional Landscape of Berry Skin in Red and White PIWI (“Pilzwiderstandsfähig”) Grapevines Possessing QTLs for Partial Resistance to Downy and Powdery Mildews
by Francesco Scariolo, Giovanni Gabelli, Gabriele Magon, Fabio Palumbo, Carlotta Pirrello, Silvia Farinati, Andrea Curioni, Aurélien Devillars, Margherita Lucchin, Gianni Barcaccia and Alessandro Vannozzi
Plants 2024, 13(18), 2574; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182574 - 13 Sep 2024
Viewed by 805
Abstract
PIWI, from the German word Pilzwiderstandsfähig, meaning “fungus-resistant”, refers to grapevine cultivars bred for resistance to fungal pathogens such as Erysiphe necator (the causal agent of powdery mildew) and Plasmopara viticola (the causal agent of downy mildew), two major diseases in viticulture. These [...] Read more.
PIWI, from the German word Pilzwiderstandsfähig, meaning “fungus-resistant”, refers to grapevine cultivars bred for resistance to fungal pathogens such as Erysiphe necator (the causal agent of powdery mildew) and Plasmopara viticola (the causal agent of downy mildew), two major diseases in viticulture. These varieties are typically developed through traditional breeding, often crossbreeding European Vitis vinifera with American or Asian species that carry natural disease resistance. This study investigates the transcriptional profiles of exocarp tissues in mature berries from four PIWI grapevine varieties compared to their elite parental counterparts using RNA-seq analysis. We performed RNA-seq on four PIWI varieties (two red and two white) and their noble parents to identify differential gene expression patterns. Comprehensive analyses, including Differential Gene Expression (DEGs), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and tau analysis, revealed distinct gene clusters and individual genes characterizing the transcriptional landscape of PIWI varieties. Differentially expressed genes indicated significant changes in pathways related to organic acid metabolism and membrane transport, potentially contributing to enhanced resilience. WGCNA and k-means clustering highlighted co-expression modules linked to PIWI genotypes and their unique tolerance profiles. Tau analysis identified genes uniquely expressed in specific genotypes, with several already known for their defense roles. These findings offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying grapevine resistance and suggest promising avenues for breeding strategies to enhance disease resistance and overall grape quality in viticulture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability)
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10 pages, 1022 KiB  
Article
Rootstock Effects on Fruit Yield and Quality of ‘BRS Tainá’ Seedless Table Grape in Semi-Arid Tropical Conditions
by Carlos Roberto Silva de Oliveira, Antônio Francisco de Mendonca Junior and Patrícia Coelho de Souza Leão
Plants 2024, 13(16), 2314; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162314 - 20 Aug 2024
Viewed by 582
Abstract
In viticulture, choosing the most suitable rootstock for a specific scion cultivar is an efficient and cost-effective way to increase yield and enhance the physicochemical characteristics of the fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the ‘BRS [...] Read more.
In viticulture, choosing the most suitable rootstock for a specific scion cultivar is an efficient and cost-effective way to increase yield and enhance the physicochemical characteristics of the fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the ‘BRS Tainá’ grapevine on different rootstocks under the conditions of the Sub-Middle São Francisco Valley. The main experimental factor consisted of eight rootstocks (IAC 313, IAC 572, IAC 766, 101-14 MgT, Paulsen 1103, Ramsey, SO4, and Teleki 5C), arranged in randomized blocks with four replicates. The experiment was conducted over four production cycles, from 2021 to 2023, in a commercial crop area in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. There were significant effects of rootstocks for the yield and number of bunches per plant, as well as berry length and firmness. ‘BRS Tainá’ achieved the highest yield (22.2 kg per plant) when grafted onto the Paulsen 1103 rootstock, which was superior to the yield on 101-14 MgT, IAC 313, and IAC 572 rootstocks. The highest number of bunches (88) was obtained with ‘BRS Tainá’ grafted on Paulsen 1103, while the lowest number (63) was obtained on IAC 572; both these rootstocks were not significantly different from the other rootstocks. For all scion–rootstock combinations, the mean values for soluble solid (SS) content, titratable acidity (TA), and the SS/TA ratio were similar to those previously described for ‘BRS Tainá’, meeting the commercialization standard. The results for the yield and number of bunches per plant indicate the suitability of grafting ‘BRS Tainá’ on Paulsen 1103 under the semi-arid tropical conditions of the São Francisco Valley. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue All About Viticulture and Vineyard Management: Development, Innovation and Sustainability)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: ENDOPHYTIC SAP MICROBIOME ASSOCIATED TO GRAPEVINE UNDER XYLELLA sp INFECTION UNDER MEDITERRANEAN CONDITIONS
Authors: Perelló, A et al.
Affiliation: UCA-FICA, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1300, CABA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Abstract: Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is one of the most important fruit crops at Mallorca, Spain where viticulture is of high economic relevance, and the complex of fungus causing trunk diseases (GTDs) together with the bacterium Xylella, constitute the greatest sanitary risk for the wine production sector at the island and at global level. Xylella fastidiosa has been associated with economic losses in commercial grapevine cultivars depending of the variety, environmental conditions, including the endophytic microbial community associated with the host plant for its development. With the aim to generate new knowledge of the diversity of the microbiome of sap grapevine, field surveys were performed at different vineyards, cultivars and island´s sites with and without presence of Xylella sp. Some of the beneficial ones are proposed to be tested as biological control agents against Xylella sp. Some new fungal pathogens were detected to add the GTD diseases complex already known. No significant effect or associations with any particular taxon or microbial group in combination with Xylella sp. was shown. However, cuali and quantitative differences in the microorganisms recorded, and a greatest microbial diversity were found in plants with Xylella infection positive in comparison with those Xylella negative. At Felanitx´s site and cv Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) Alternaria, Aureobasidium, Sclerotinia and Trichoderma were genus only recovered from samples where Xylella was present. On the other hand our results shown a more reduced endophytic microbiome diversity – Yeast Like microorganism and Botryosphaeria complex- at San Bordils´s site in the cultivars CS and Manto Negro (MN). Results here also shown that some endophytic microorganisms isolated from grapevine sap occupying the xylem of host plants like Aureobasidium sp., Trichoderma sp. and Yeast-Like (Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) could to be promising candidates to be tested for biological control of Xylella interacting with an adaptative response to the bacterium. Under greenhouse conditions using the pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum inoculated to two-years CS grapevine plants infected with Xylella, the effect on the disease symptoms expression was significative greater than the effect of the fungus or bacterium acting alone. The preliminary results here invite us to think about the mechanisms underlying in the interactions between grapevine microbiome complex in the context of their influence towards modulate or increase the symptoms expression of plants infected with Xylella.

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